{"id":4331,"date":"2025-05-26T16:10:14","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T16:10:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astri.me.oa-brera.inaf.it\/index.php\/new-science\/new-astri-mini-array-eng\/"},"modified":"2025-06-06T14:58:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T14:58:02","slug":"new-astri-mini-array-eng","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/new-science\/new-astri-mini-array-eng\/?lang=en","title":{"rendered":"ASTRI Mini-Array Science"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbj727ig-efee22274d1dba517a8692a637832002\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mbj727ig-efee22274d1dba517a8692a637832002{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mbj727ig-efee22274d1dba517a8692a637832002 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mbj727ig-efee22274d1dba517a8692a637832002 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mbj727ig-efee22274d1dba517a8692a637832002 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >ASTRI Mini-Array Science<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbj72jtw-22a8287b5d2b889d6b62abd9bb368e55 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u201cASTRI Pillars\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The ASTRI Mini-Array science program will develop in two phases. During the first four years of operations, the ASTRI Mini-Array will be run as an experiment, while in the subsequent four years, it will gradually evolve into an observatory open to the scientific community. A graphical description of the main Core Science topics that we plan to investigate during the first four years of operations is shown in the following Figure.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbj74vxi-9d056aeec8834dffab7f1768979be31e\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj74vxi-9d056aeec8834dffab7f1768979be31e img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj74vxi-9d056aeec8834dffab7f1768979be31e .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbj74vxi-9d056aeec8834dffab7f1768979be31e av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4172 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4172 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ASTRI_Pillars.png\" alt='Figure shows the ASTRI Mini-Array Pillars: 1 and 2, Time Domain, Non gamma-ray, Synergies' title='ASTRI_Pillars'  height=\"580\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbj73frl-07831c45c00e8106cfd807ae216b0215 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Our Core Science Program is based on \u201cMain Pillars\u201d. They are science fields in which the ASTRI Mini-Array will contribute breakthrough pieces of evidence to improve our understanding of a few key science questions.<\/p>\n<p>The ASTRI Mini-Array will investigate VHE and UHE sources, providing both the opportunity for their precise identification and important information on their morphology and spectra.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>The ASTRI Assets<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>The wide energy range<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For the first time, we extend current IACTs differential sensitivity up to several tens of TeV and beyond. This will allow us to investigate possible spectral features at VHE, such as the presence of spectral cut-offs or the detection of emission at several tens of TeV expected from Galactic PeV sources.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The large field of view.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The ASTRI Mini-Array 10\u00b0 field of view, in conjunction with excellent off-axis performance (only a factor of two less sensitive at the border of the FoV than on-axis), will allow us to simultaneously investigate multiple targets in a single pointing and to facilitate the possibility of serendipitous discoveries.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbj78clz-a0a1ac8f0d4f2ff947ae40f49c16de0b\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj78clz-a0a1ac8f0d4f2ff947ae40f49c16de0b img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj78clz-a0a1ac8f0d4f2ff947ae40f49c16de0b .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbj78clz-a0a1ac8f0d4f2ff947ae40f49c16de0b av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4174 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4174 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ASTRI_Cygnus.png\" alt='' title='ASTRI_Cygnus'  height=\"994\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Credits: Vercellone S. et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35,1<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbj76v0s-6dc58a94b08cd474c0e52c64118f1896 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>This Figure shows the importance of a wide field of view when pointing crowded regions. The panel reports the 200 hr simulation of a deep pointing towards the Cygnus Region. Several sources of the Third HAWC Catalog of Very-high-energy Gamma-Ray Sources (3HWC) can be observed and possibly detected in a single pointing by the ASTRI Mini-Array. Green crosses mark the positions of the 3HWC sources in a 10\u00b0\u00d710\u00b0 field of view [<em>Credits:\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2214404822000222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Vercellone S. et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35,1<\/em><\/a>]<\/p>\n<p><strong>The optimal angular resolution.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The ASTRI Mini-Array has an angular resolution of about 3\u2019 in the energy range 3\u2013100 TeV.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbj7a7pk-c4abf49ee1d7e81850f869e331d2c164\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj7a7pk-c4abf49ee1d7e81850f869e331d2c164 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj7a7pk-c4abf49ee1d7e81850f869e331d2c164 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbj7a7pk-c4abf49ee1d7e81850f869e331d2c164 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4176 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4176 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ASTRI_Angular_Resolution.png\" alt='' title='ASTRI_Angular_Resolution'  height=\"988\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Credits: Vercellone S. et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35,1<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbj793xs-291630c9a42c5495ae15ebad91e57236 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>This Figure highlights the importance of the ASTRI Mini-Array angular resolution. The image shows the ASTRI Mini-Array 200 hr simulation (for energy up to 200 TeV) of the region around the Galactic source eHWC 1907+063. The light green circle marks the \u223c0.52\u00b0 HAWC error-box (for E > 56 TeV). Although the ASTRI Mini-Array and HAWC have a similar energy range, their angular resolution is remarkably different. The ASTRI Mini-Array will easily resolve Galactic sources emitting at UHE despite their large error boxes. [<em>Credits:\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2214404822000222\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Vercellone S. et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35,1<\/em><\/a>]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASTRI Mini-Array and UHE Observatories<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>We foresee important synergies with current UHE facilities such as LHAASO, HAWC, and Tibet AS-\ud835\udfac. An example of such synergies is illustrated in the following Figure, where we show Pillar-1 and Pillar-2 target regions (red and blue circles, \u224810<sup>o<\/sup>\u00a0in diameter) and 1LHAASO (<a href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.3847\/1538-4365\/acfd29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cao et al, 2024, ApJS, 271, 25<\/a>) sources (orange dots) on the sky in Galactic coordinates (Aitoff projection). The black solid line shows the declination limit for the ASTRI Mini-Array pointings.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbj7deo5-885d1e2e5fa3a0a92356fd909ead2f4f\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj7deo5-885d1e2e5fa3a0a92356fd909ead2f4f img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbj7deo5-885d1e2e5fa3a0a92356fd909ead2f4f .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbj7deo5-885d1e2e5fa3a0a92356fd909ead2f4f av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4178 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4178 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ASTRI_Pillars_1LHAASO.png\" alt='' title='ASTRI_Pillars_1LHAASO'  height=\"726\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbj7b8pk-bc49e67c7436cdadaca7d020577c8c4e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Some 1LHAASO sources already overlap the ASTRI Mini-Array selected Pillar regions, in particular along the Galactic Plane. We also note that Mrk 501 and Mrk 421 are natural candidates for common variability studies.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASTRI Mini-Array Simulation Tools<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The ASTRI Mini-Array scientific simulations are based on the current instrument response function files (IRFs, Prod2, v1.0) which are available on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/zenodo.org\/records\/6827882\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zenodo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The IRFs are saved in a FITS data file which contain the following quantities (FITS tables): effective collection area (&#8220;EFFECTIVE AREA&#8221; table), angular resolution (&#8220;POINT SPREAD FUNCTION&#8221; table), energy resolution (&#8220;ENERGY DISPERSION&#8221; table), and residual background rate (&#8220;BACKGROUND&#8221; table). These quantities are provided as a function of the energy and the off-axis angle. The energy bins are logarithmic and range between 10<sup>-0.7<\/sup>\u00a0~ 0.2 TeV and 10<sup>2.5<\/sup>\u00a0~ 316 TeV. Five energy bins per decade are used for the angular resolution and residual background rate, while ten energy bins per decade for the effective collection area. For the energy resolution, the energy migration matrix is provided with a much finer energy binning. The off-axis angle bins are linearly spaced between 0\u00b0 and 6\u00b0, with a bin width equal to 1\u00b0. In the case of the residual background rate, a 2-dimensional squared spatial binning is used, which ranges between 0\u00b0 and 6\u00b0 with a bin width equal to 0.2\u00b0 in each direction.<\/p>\n<p>The IRFs can be used as input to science analysis tools and, in particular, are compliant with the input\/output (I\/O) data format requested by the science analysis tools\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/gammapy.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gammapy<\/a>\u00a0[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/component\/article?access=doi&#038;doi=10.1051\/0004-6361\/202346488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Donath A., et al., 2023, A&#038;A, 678, A157<\/em><\/a>] and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cta.irap.omp.eu\/ctools\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ctools<\/a>\u00a0[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/articles\/aa\/pdf\/2016\/09\/aa28822-16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Kn\u00f6dlseder J., et al., 2016, A&#038;A 593, A1<\/em><\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The main ASTRI Mini-Array performance are summarized in\u00a0<em>Performance of the ASTRI Mini-Array at the Observatorio del Teide<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pos.sissa.it\/395\/884\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lombardi S, et al., 2022, PoS(ICRC2021), 884<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASTRI Mini-Array General Science Papers<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The most recent refereed papers describing the ASTRI Mini-Array science topics are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Science with the ASTRI Mini-Array: From Experiment to Open Observatory<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2218-1997\/10\/2\/94\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vercellone S., for the ASTRI Project, 2024, Universe, 10, 94<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>ASTRI Mini-Array core science at the Observatorio del Teide<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2214404822000222?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vercellone S., et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35, 1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>Extragalactic observatory science with the ASTRI mini-array at the Observatorio del Teide<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2214404822000337?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saturni F.G., et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35, 91<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>Galactic observatory science with the ASTRI Mini-Array at the Observatorio del Teide<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2214404822000350?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u2019A\u00ec A., et al., 2022, JHEAP, 35, 139<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Some useful links to current [upcoming] MWL facilities<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Radio: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/teles-instr\/alma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ALMA<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.csiro.au\/en\/about\/facilities-collections\/ATNF\/ASKAP-radio-telescope\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ASCAP<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chime-experiment.ca\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chime<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fast.bao.ac.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FAST<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiotelescopes.inaf.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">INAF Radio Telescopes<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.astron.nl\/telescopes\/lofar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LOFAR<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sarao.ac.za\/science\/meerkat\/about-meerkat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MeerKAT<\/a>, [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skao.int\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SKAO<\/a>]<\/li>\n<li><strong>Optical:<\/strong>\u00a0[<a href=\"https:\/\/elt.eso.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ELT<\/a>],\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gtc.iac.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GTC<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/telescope.livjm.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Liverpool Robotic Telescope<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/teles-instr\/lasilla\/ntt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NTT<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rem.inaf.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">REM<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tng.iac.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TNG<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/rubinobservatory.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vera C. Rubin Observatory<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eso.org\/public\/teles-instr\/paranal-observatory\/vlt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VLT<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oato.inaf.it\/blazars\/webt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WEBT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>X-Ray:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/chandra-x-ray-observatory\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chandra<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ep.bao.ac.cn\/ep\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Einstein Probe<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mpe.mpg.de\/eROSITA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eROSITA\/SRG<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hermes-sp.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HERMES<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/hxmt.nssdc.ac.cn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Insight<\/em>-HXMT<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ixpe.msfc.nasa.gov\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IXPE<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nustar.caltech.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NuSTAR<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Science_Exploration\/Space_Science\/XMM-Newton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">XMM-Newton<\/a><strong>,\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.svom.eu\/en\/home\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SVOM<\/a><strong>,\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/swift.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Swift<\/em><\/a><strong>,\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/xrism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">XRISM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>HE:\u00a0<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/cosi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">COSI]<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fermi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>VHE:\u00a0<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctao.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CTAO<\/a>],\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mpi-hd.mpg.de\/HESS\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">H.E.S.S<\/a>.,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lst1.iac.es\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LST-1<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/magic.mppmu.mpg.de\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MAGIC<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/veritas.sao.arizona.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VERITAS<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>UHE:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawc-observatory.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HAWC<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/english.ihep.cas.cn\/lhaaso\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LHAASO<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.swgo.org\/SWGOWiki\/doku.php?id=start\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[SWGO]<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/em\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tibet AS-\ud835\udfac<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cosmic Rays:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.auger.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pierre Auger Observatory<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Neutrino:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antares.in2p3.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ANTARES<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/icecube.wisc.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IceCube<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.km3net.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KM3NeT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Gravitational Waves:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ligo.caltech.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LIGO<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/gwcenter.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KAGRA<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.virgo-gw.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIRGO<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":4292,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4331","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4331"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4331\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4412,"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4331\/revisions\/4412"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.astri.inaf.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}